How to Become a Cardiologist in India: 7 Easy Steps You Need to Know in 2025

Introduction

How to become a cardiologist involves gaining expertise in cardiology, a specialized branch of medicine focused on diagnosing and treating heart-related conditions. Cardiologists play a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular health by preventing and managing heart diseases. Their work requires a deep understanding of medical science, strong diagnostic skills, and advanced treatment techniques to improve patients’ overall well-being.

To understand how to become a cardiologist, one must start with a solid academic foundation in medical sciences. The journey begins with completing an MBBS degree, followed by a postgraduate specialization in internal medicine or pediatrics. After that, aspirants must pursue a super-specialization in cardiology, such as a DM or DNB in Cardiology. This rigorous training ensures that cardiologists acquire the necessary expertise to handle complex heart conditions.

For those wondering how to become a cardiologist in India, dedication and passion for cardiology are essential. In addition to completing the required qualifications, aspiring cardiologists must develop strong analytical skills, attention to detail, and the ability to work under pressure. By mastering these skills and gaining hands-on experience, they can establish themselves in this rewarding field and make significant contributions to heart health.

7 Steps For How to Become a Cardiologist in India After 12th 

Know how to become a cardiologist after the 12th by following a structured path. Start by choosing the Science stream with Biology in 11th and 12th. Then, complete an MBBS degree, followed by a postgraduate degree in Cardiology. Gaining practical experience, obtaining a medical license, and pursuing super-specialization will help you succeed. Understanding how to become a cardiologist requires dedication, hard work, and continuous learning in the medical field.

1. Choose the Science Stream in 11th and 12th

The first step in how to become a cardiologist starts with selecting the Science stream in your 11th and 12th standard. You must study Physics, Chemistry, and Biology (PCB) as your main subjects, as they form the foundation for your medical career.

To secure admission to a medical college, you must also prepare for and clear the NEET-UG exam. Scoring well in this highly competitive entrance exam is crucial for pursuing an MBBS degree.

While pursuing the Science stream, aspiring cardiologists should develop the following essential skills:

• Strong Analytical and Problem-Solving Skills – Important for diagnosing heart conditions.
• Good Communication Skills – Helps in interacting with patients effectively.
• Attention to Detail – Essential for medical diagnosis and treatment.
• Ability to Work Under Pressure – Emergency cases require quick decision-making.

2. Complete an MBBS Degree

The second step in how to become a cardiologist is enrolling in an MBBS program after successfully passing the NEET-UG exam. MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery) is a five-and-a-half-year course, including one year of internship in a hospital setting.

During the MBBS course, students study various medical subjects such as:

• Anatomy
• Physiology
• Biochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Pathology and Other Medical Sciences

Practical training during MBBS is crucial as it helps students learn how to diagnose and treat patients under the guidance of experienced doctors. After completing MBBS, students can move forward in their journey to specialize in cardiology.

3. Pursue a Master’s Degree in Cardiology

After MBBS, the next step in how to become a cardiologist is pursuing a postgraduate degree (MD or DNB in General Medicine) followed by a DM (Doctorate of Medicine) in Cardiology. This postgraduate specialization in cardiology provides in-depth knowledge about:

• Preventive Cardiology – Strategies to prevent heart diseases.
• Non-Invasive Cardiology – Diagnosing heart diseases using imaging techniques.
• Interventional Cardiology – Treating heart conditions through medical procedures.
• Electrophysiology – Studying electrical activities of the heart.

This three-year program helps aspiring cardiologists gain theoretical and practical expertise in heart diseases and treatments.

4. Complete a Super-Specialization in Cardiology

For those looking for advanced training, the next step in how to become a cardiologist is enrolling in a super-specialization course. This advanced course (DM or DNB in Cardiology) lasts two years and focuses on:

• Interventional Cardiology – Stent placements, angioplasty, and other heart procedures.
• Electrophysiology – Treating abnormal heart rhythms.
• Heart Failure Management – Advanced care for heart failure patients.
• Heart Transplant – Specialized training in cardiac transplantation procedures.

A super-specialization degree makes cardiologists highly skilled and prepares them for handling complex heart-related cases.

5. Obtain a Medical License

To practice as a cardiologist in India, obtaining a medical license is mandatory. The Medical Council of India (MCI) issues licenses to qualified doctors.

Steps to Get a Medical License –

• Appear for the Foreign Medical Graduates Examination (FMGE) if you completed medical education abroad.
• Clear the licensing exam with at least 50% marks.
• Register with the Medical Council of India to legally practice cardiology in India.

This step is a crucial part of how to become a cardiologist, as it ensures that all practicing doctors meet the required medical standards.

6. Gain Experience as a Cardiologist

Once you have obtained your medical license, the next step in how to become a cardiologist is gaining practical experience. Aspiring cardiologists can work in:

• Hospitals (Government and Private)
• Medical Research Institutes
• Teaching Institutions
• Specialized Heart Care Centers

Working under senior cardiologists helps in learning the latest medical advancements and refining treatment techniques. During this period, cardiologists gain experience in performing surgeries, treating patients, and handling emergencies.

7. Continue Professional Development

A cardiologist’s learning never stops. To stay updated with the latest advancements, continuous professional development is essential in how to become a cardiologist. This includes:

• Attending Conferences & Workshops – Learning from top experts in cardiology.
• Reading Medical Journals – Staying informed about new treatments and technologies.
• Participating in Research Projects – Contributing to advancements in cardiology.

Engaging in professional development activities helps cardiologists enhance their skills and provide the best medical care to their patients.

Degrees Required to Become a Cardiologist in India

To practice as a cardiologist in India, candidates must complete two key postgraduate degrees after earning an MBBS:

1. Postgraduate Degree in General Medicine (MD)

The first step toward specialization in cardiology is obtaining a Doctor of Medicine (MD) in General Medicine. This degree provides a strong foundation in medical sciences and prepares candidates for advanced studies in cardiology.

• Eligibility: A Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) from a recognized medical institution in India.
• Duration: The MD course takes three years to complete.
• Key Subjects Covered:
  • Anatomy
  • Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pathology
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • General Medicine

During this program, students gain both theoretical knowledge and practical experience through hospital rotations, patient interactions, and case studies.

2. Super-Specialization in Cardiology (DM in Cardiology)

After completing an MD in General Medicine, candidates must pursue a Doctorate of Medicine (DM) in Cardiology, which focuses on advanced topics in heart diseases and treatment methods.

• Eligibility: MD in General Medicine or an equivalent qualification from a recognized medical institution.
• Duration: The DM program takes three years to complete.
• Key Subjects Covered:
  • Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Pathology
  • Pharmacology in Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Imaging

This super-specialization provides extensive clinical training and research opportunities in cardiology.

How Long Does It Take to Become a Cardiologist in India?

Understanding how to become a cardiologist also involves knowing the time commitment required. The journey from high school to becoming a certified cardiologist takes approximately 11.5 years after completing 12th grade with the Science stream.

1. MBBS (5.5 Years)

The first step is obtaining an MBBS degree, which takes 5.5 years to complete, including one year of mandatory internship.

2. MD in General Medicine (3 Years)

After MBBS, the next step is pursuing an MD in General Medicine, which requires 3 years of study and practical training.

3. DM in Cardiology (3 Years)

To specialize further, candidates must complete a DM in Cardiology, which takes another 3 years.

Total Duration: 11.5 Years

This timeline includes undergraduate education, postgraduate specialization, and super-specialization, ensuring that cardiologists receive comprehensive training before beginning their professional practice.

Salary of a cardiologist in India

The salary of a cardiologist in India is influenced by factors like experience, location, type of healthcare facility, and qualifications. On average, a cardiologist in India earns around INR 1,813,220 annually, according to PayScale. However, this can vary based on several variables.

Experience-Based Salary:

Cardiologists’ salaries tend to rise with experience. Here’s a breakdown of average annual earnings based on experience:

• 0-5 years: INR 1,041,746
• 5-10 years: INR 1,646,513
• 10-20 years: INR 2,321,270
• 20+ years: INR 3,593,817

Location-Based Salary:

The region in which a cardiologist practices also impacts their salary. For instance, those working in metropolitan cities tend to earn more compared to those in smaller towns. Here are the average salaries in some major cities:

• Delhi: INR 2,500,000
• Mumbai: INR 2,229,980
• Bangalore: INR 1,816,377
• Chennai: INR 1,300,000
• Hyderabad: INR 1,200,000

Skills Required to Become a Successful Cardiologist in India

Know how to become a cardiologist by developing essential skills. Becoming a successful cardiologist in India requires more than just earning degrees and licenses. Strong analytical skills, problem-solving abilities, compassion, and good communication are key. The ability to work under pressure and stay updated with medical advancements is also important. To truly understand how to become a cardiologist, one must focus on both medical expertise and patient care.

1. Strong Academic Background

To understand how to become a cardiologist, having a strong academic background is very important. It starts with choosing the Science stream in 11th and 12th grades, focusing on subjects like Biology, Chemistry, and Physics. After that, completing an MBBS degree is necessary. Since cardiology is a specialized field, further studies like a postgraduate degree (MD in Medicine) and a super-specialization (DM in Cardiology) help gain expertise. Learning never stops in this field, as new advancements keep coming. Those who want to know how to become a cardiologist must be prepared for years of study and training.

2. Dedication and Perseverance

The journey to becoming a cardiologist is long and requires a lot of hard work. To understand how to become a cardiologist, one must be ready for years of education, practical training, and hands-on experience. It takes dedication and patience to study medicine, complete specializations, and gain expertise in heart-related treatments. Cardiologists deal with complex cases, so they need to stay strong and focused. Even after getting a degree, doctors must continue learning to keep up with new medical developments.

3. Analytical and Problem-Solving Skills

To become a good cardiologist, strong analytical and problem-solving skills are essential. Understanding how to become a cardiologist includes learning how to diagnose heart conditions, read test results, and decide the best treatment for patients. Since every patient is different, cardiologists must think carefully and make quick decisions. Identifying heart diseases early can save lives, so having sharp problem-solving skills is crucial. This ability improves with experience, practice, and continuous learning.

4. Compassion and Communication Skills

Cardiologists must have compassion and empathy toward their patients. Understanding how to become a cardiologist is not just about medical knowledge; it is also about dealing with people. Patients with heart conditions often feel anxious, and a cardiologist should know how to comfort and support them. Good communication skills are important to explain medical conditions and treatment options clearly. A kind and caring approach helps patients trust their doctor and follow medical advice properly.

5. Ability to Work Under Pressure

Cardiologists often work in high-pressure situations, such as emergency rooms and intensive care units. Learning how to become a cardiology doctor also means learning how to stay calm in stressful situations. Heart-related cases can be life-threatening, and quick decisions are required. A cardiologist must handle emergencies while staying focused and confident. The ability to manage stress and think clearly under pressure is essential for success in this field.

In conclusion, understanding how to become a cardiologist involves years of education, dedication, and skill-building. This career demands strong academic knowledge, problem-solving abilities, communication skills, and the ability to work under pressure. Those who choose this path must be ready for challenges, but it is a highly rewarding profession that allows hepatologist doctor to save lives and heart doctor improve heart health.

Renowned Institutes in India for Cardiology

India has some of the best institutes for cardiology, ranked among the top in the country. These institutes offer excellent education, training, and research opportunities for aspiring cardiologists, helping them build a strong career in the medical field.

College	NIRF Ranking
AIIMS, New Delhi	1
PGIMER, Chandigarh	2
CMC Vellore	3
SGPGIMS, Lucknow	4
BHU, Varanasi	5

Career Opportunities and Salary of a Cardiologist in India

Here are the career opportunities and salaries for a cardiologist in India. If you’re wondering how to become a cardiologist, the journey typically involves completing an MBBS degree, followed by a specialization in cardiology through MD or DM programs. Cardiologists can work in hospitals, private clinics, research institutions, and medical colleges. They can also specialize in areas like interventional cardiology or pediatric cardiology. Salaries vary based on experience, location, and expertise. A beginner earns around ₹10-15 lakh per year, while experienced cardiologists can earn over ₹50 lakh annually. The field offers excellent growth and stability.

1. Job Opportunities in Government and Private Hospitals 

Cardiologists in India have diverse career opportunities in both government and private hospitals. They can also work in research institutions and medical colleges. If you’re wondering how to become a cardiologist, the path involves completing an MBBS degree, followed by an MD in General Medicine and a DM in Cardiology. Many cardiologists choose to specialize in areas like interventional or pediatric cardiology. Opportunities also exist in healthcare administration and private practice. With the growing demand for heart specialists, the field offers stability, career growth, and rewarding financial prospects for qualified professionals.

Job opportunities in government hospitals	Job opportunities in private hospitals
Consultants	Senior Consultant
Medical officers	Department head
Professors in medical colleges	Director

2. Career Growth Opportunities in Research and Academia

Cardiologists can explore careers in research and academia by working in universities, research institutions, and pharmaceutical companies. Understanding how to become a cardiologist also involves contributing to medical advancements through research. With the growing demand for healthcare services in India, cardiologists play a crucial role in developing new treatments and improving patient care. Research helps in finding better ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat heart diseases effectively.

They can work in –

1. Universities
2. Research Institutions
3. Pharmaceutical Companies.

The demand for healthcare services in India is increasing. As a result, cardiologists play a vital role in conducting research and developing new treatments. Their efforts help improve patient care, advance medical technology, and enhance heart disease prevention and treatment.

3. Average Salary of a Cardiologist in India

The salary of a cardiologist in India depends on factors like experience, skills, and location. On average, cardiologists earn around INR 13.2 lakhs per year. With more experience and expertise, their earnings can increase significantly, especially in top hospitals and private practice.

What Does a Cardiologist Do?

A cardiologist’s responsibilities vary based on their expertise and experience. Their key duties include:

• Conducting medical interviews and evaluating new patients
• Ordering and analyzing diagnostic and laboratory tests
• Diagnosing heart-related conditions based on test results
• Developing personalized treatment plans for patients
• Prescribing medications, therapies, and lifestyle modifications
• Monitoring patient progress and providing ongoing care
• Educating patients on cardiovascular disease prevention and risk factors
• Collaborating with primary care doctors and specialists, such as cardiothoracic surgeons, for comprehensive patient care

Conclusion

In conclusion, understanding how to become a cardiologist requires dedication, rigorous training, and continuous learning. The journey involves completing an MBBS degree, pursuing a master’s specialization in cardiology, and gaining hands-on experience in hospitals or clinics. With advancements in medical science, cardiologists must stay updated with new techniques and treatments to provide the best care for patients.

The demand for cardiologists is increasing, making this a promising career choice. Those who follow the steps of how to become a cardiologist can work in top hospitals, research institutions, and private clinics. While the path is challenging, the rewards are significant, both professionally and financially. For those passionate about heart health, learning how to become a cardiologist can lead to a fulfilling and impactful career.

Evaluate numerous career choices to choose the right career path for yourself. Dive into our guide on Career Advice.

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